'How to return an iterator from a function and use it?
I'm trying to teach myself Rust by working on a little calendar project.
Here I'm trying to generate a list of dates spanning three whole months around a given date. I'd like to return an iterator that can iterate over these dates. Here's my first attempt:
fn three_months_range(tm: time::Tm) -> std::iter::Iterator<Item=time::Tm> {
let fpm: time::Tm = first_of_previous_month(&tm);
(0..)
.map(|i| fpm + time::Duration::days(i))
.take_while(|&t| t.tm_mon != (tm.tm_mon + 2) % 12)
}
Unfortunately, this doesn't compile and I get an error.
src/main.rs:49:40: 49:75 error: the trait `core::marker::Sized` is not implemented for the type `core::iter::Iterator<Item=time::Tm> + 'static` [E0277]
src/main.rs:49 fn three_months_range(tm: time::Tm) -> std::iter::Iterator <Item=time::Tm> {
^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
src/main.rs:49:40: 49:75 help: run `rustc --explain E0277` to see a detailed explanation
src/main.rs:49:40: 49:75 note: `core::iter::Iterator<Item=time::Tm> + 'static` does not have a constant size known at compile-time
src/main.rs:49:40: 49:75 note: the return type of a function must have a statically known size
"the return type of a function must have a statically known size". Ok, after some research, it seems that the solution is to return the iterator through a Box.
(still, I'm left wondering how the standard library map
, filter
, take_while
... methods manage to return Iterators and not boxes).
Well, here's the second attempt, which compiles successfully:
fn three_months_range(tm: time::Tm) -> Box<iter::Iterator<Item=time::Tm>> {
let fpm: time::Tm = first_of_previous_month(&tm);
Box::new(
(0..)
.map(move |i| fpm + time::Duration::days(i))
.take_while(move |&t| t.tm_mon != (tm.tm_mon + 2) % 12)
)
}
Unfortunately, I don't manage to use this iterator. For example, let's say I want to build a vector containing the days of the months of each date (1, 2, 3, ..., 31, 1, 2, ..., 30, 1, 2, ... 31):
let days_vec: Vec<u64> =
( *three_months_range(time::now_utc()) )
.map( |&t: &time::Tm| t.tm_mday )
.collect();
→
src/main.rs:14:10: 14:42 error: the trait `core::marker::Sized` is not implemented for the type `core::iter::Iterator<Item=time::Tm> + 'static` [E0277]
src/main.rs:14 .map( |&t: &time::Tm| t.tm_mday )
^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
src/main.rs:14:10: 14:42 help: run `rustc --explain E0277` to see a detailed explanation
src/main.rs:14:10: 14:42 note: `core::iter::Iterator<Item=time::Tm> + 'static` does not have a constant size known at compile-time
src/main.rs:15:10: 15:19 error: no method named `collect` found for type `core::iter::Map<core::iter::Iterator<Item=time::Tm> + 'static, [closure@src/main.rs:14:15: 14:40]>` in the current scope
src/main.rs:15 .collect();
^~~~~~~~~
src/main.rs:15:10: 15:19 note: the method `collect` exists but the following trait bounds were not satisfied: `core::iter::Iterator<Item=time::Tm> : core::marker::Sized`, `[closure@src/main.rs:14:15: 14:40] : core::ops::FnMut<(time::Tm,)>`, `core::iter::Map<core::iter::Iterator<Item=time::Tm> + 'static, [closure@src/main.rs:14:15: 14:40]> : core::iter::Iterator`
src/main.rs:14:10: 14:42 error: type mismatch: the type `[closure@src/main.rs:14:15: 14:40]` implements the trait `for<'r> core::ops::FnMut<(&'r time::Tm,)>`, but the trait `core::ops::FnMut<(time::Tm,)>` is required (expected struct `time::Tm`, found &-ptr) [E0281]
src/main.rs:14 .map( |&t: &time::Tm| t.tm_mday )
^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
src/main.rs:14:10: 14:42 help: run `rustc --explain E0281` to see a detailed explanation
src/main.rs:14:10: 14:42 error: type mismatch: the type `[closure@src/main.rs:14:15: 14:40]` implements the trait `for<'r> core::ops::FnOnce<(&'r time::Tm,)>`, but the trait `core::ops::FnOnce<(time::Tm,)>` is required (expected struct `time::Tm`, found &-ptr) [E0281]
src/main.rs:14 .map( |&t: &time::Tm| t.tm_mday )
^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
src/main.rs:14:10: 14:42 help: run `rustc --explain E0281` to see a detailed explanation
error: aborting due to 4 previous errors
That's a lot of errors.
So what am I doing wrong here?
Is there a relatively simple way to transform iterators in Rust and/or return them from functions?
Solution 1:[1]
The problem is that you are trying to take the Iterator
out of the Box
(which you can't because it's a trait-object and thus not Sized
). But a Box
is transparent, you can use map
directly on it:
let days_vec: Vec<u64> =
three_months_range(time::now_utc())
.map( |&t: &time::Tm| t.tm_mday )
.collect();
Note that the map
function expects you to take the argument by value and not by reference. So the call can look like this:
.map(|t| t.tm_mday)
Sources
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Source: Stack Overflow
Solution | Source |
---|---|
Solution 1 |