'Android 12 New Bluetooth Permissions

Bluetooth is the main dependency of our app. So, We already try to implement new Android 12 Bluetooth permissions. Our only resource is Android developers New Bluetooth permissions in Android 12. There is just saying add permissions

"android.permission.BLUETOOTH_CONNECT"

"android.permission.BLUETOOTH_SCAN"

I add and I got runtime permissions for both and of course location(usual as pre 12)).
There is no other change in my codebase. Should be? I don't know. So, the problem is my app can't find the BLE device. I couldn't find the reason.

Do you have any suggestions or resources?

Solution 1:^[1]

100% working solution : no need any 3rd party plugin

manifest code:

   <!--BLUETOOTH PERMISSION-->
    <!-- Request legacy Bluetooth permissions on older devices. -->
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH_ADMIN" />
    <!-- Needed only if your app looks for Bluetooth devices.
             If your app doesn't use Bluetooth scan results to derive physical
             location information, you can strongly assert that your app
             doesn't derive physical location. -->
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH_SCAN" />
    <!-- Needed only if your app makes the device discoverable to Bluetooth
      devices. -->
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH_ADVERTISE" />
    <!-- Needed only if your app communicates with already-paired Bluetooth
           devices. -->
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH_CONNECT" />
    <!--bibo01 : hardware option-->
    <uses-feature android:name="android.hardware.bluetooth" android:required="false"/>
    <uses-feature android:name="android.hardware.bluetooth_le" android:required="false"/>

Kotlin code:

 //check android12+
                        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.S) {
                            requestMultiplePermissions.launch(arrayOf(
                                Manifest.permission.BLUETOOTH_SCAN,
                                Manifest.permission.BLUETOOTH_CONNECT))
                        }
                        else{
                            val enableBtIntent = Intent(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_REQUEST_ENABLE)
                            requestBluetooth.launch(enableBtIntent)
                        }
....................................................

private var requestBluetooth = registerForActivityResult(ActivityResultContracts.StartActivityForResult()) { result ->
                if (result.resultCode == RESULT_OK) {
                    //granted
                }else{
                    //deny
                }
 }

private val requestMultiplePermissions =
                registerForActivityResult(ActivityResultContracts.RequestMultiplePermissions()) { permissions ->
                    permissions.entries.forEach {
                        Log.d("test006", "${it.key} = ${it.value}")
                    }
}

Solution 2:^[2]

I just added to the manifest:

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH_SCAN" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH_CONNECT" />

and then I requested those permissions from Main Activity as any other. For requesting permission I am using library

implementation 'pub.devrel:easypermissions:3.0.0'

then you can just call this function

public static final String[] BLUETOOTH_PERMISSIONS_S = { Manifest.permission.BLUETOOTH_SCAN, Manifest.permission.BLUETOOTH_CONNECT} ;


if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.S) {
     if (!EasyPermissions.hasPermissions(this, BLUETOOTH_PERMISSIONS_S)) {
                EasyPermissions.requestPermissions(this, message, yourRequestCode,BLUETOOTH_PERMISSIONS_S);
            }
        }

and override onRequestPermissionResult

@Override
public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, @NonNull String[] permissions, @NonNull int[] grantResults) {
    super.onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, permissions, grantResults);
    EasyPermissions.onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, permissions, grantResults, this);
    }

UPDATE FOR JETPACK COMPOSE

If you are using jetpack compose you can handle it like this:

Create a list of your permissions inside of rememberMultiplePermissionState function

 rememberMultiplePermissionsState(
            permissions = listOf(
                Manifest.permission.BLUETOOTH_CONNECT,
                Manifest.permission.BLUETOOTH_SCAN
            )
        )

Then observe a lifecycle events and on resume launch permission request

    val lifecycleOwner = LocalLifecycleOwner.current
    DisposableEffect(key1 = lifecycleOwner,
        effect = {
            val observer = LifecycleEventObserver { _, event ->
                if(event == Lifecycle.Event.ON_START) {
                    permissionsState.launchMultiplePermissionRequest()
                }
            }
            lifecycleOwner.lifecycle.addObserver(observer)

            onDispose {
                lifecycleOwner.lifecycle.removeObserver(observer)
            }
        })

Observe the permission state

permissionsState.permissions.forEach { permissionState ->
            when(permissionState.permission) {
                Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION -> {
                    when {
                        permissionState.hasPermission -> {}
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }

Solution 3:^[3]

This worked for me,

In the manifest, add the following permissions:

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH_ADMIN" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH_ADVERTISE" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH_CONNECT" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH_SCAN" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_BACKGROUND_LOCATION" />

Then, before executing a Bluetooth function, check the permission:

if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(MainActivity.this, Manifest.permission.BLUETOOTH_CONNECT) == PackageManager.PERMISSION_DENIED) 
                {
                    if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.S) 
                    {
                        ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(MainActivity.this, new String[]{Manifest.permission.BLUETOOTH_CONNECT}, 2);
                        return;
                    }
                }

For an example,

if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(MainActivity.this, Manifest.permission.BLUETOOTH_CONNECT) == PackageManager.PERMISSION_DENIED) {
                        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.S) {
                            ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(MainActivity.this, new String[]{Manifest.permission.BLUETOOTH_CONNECT}, 2);
                            return;
                        }
                    }
                    mBTSocket.connect();

Solution 4:^[4]

If you want your app to initiate device discovery or manipulate Bluetooth settings, you must declare the BLUETOOTH_ADMIN permission in addition to the BLUETOOTH permission. Most apps need this permission solely for the ability to discover local Bluetooth devices. Don't use the other abilities granted by this permission unless the app is a "power manager" that modifies Bluetooth settings upon user request. Declare the Bluetooth permission(s) in your app manifest file

from developer android we see you have to add

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH_ADMIN" />

in your manifest file but you did not add it to discover other devices i think this is the resource of your problem

Solution 5:^[5]

I'm not sure if they announced anything regarding Bluetooth changes, but if nothing else helps they introduced this recently which MIGHT help in your usecase, unless you do more complex stuff.

https://developer.android.com/guide/topics/connectivity/companion-device-pairing#kotlin

In the newer versions you also don't need the location permission anymore if this does everything you need.

Regarding the sample: you can just not include these 2 lines:

    .setNamePattern(Pattern.compile("My device"))
    .addServiceUuid(ParcelUuid(UUID(0x123abcL, -1L)), null)

I use it to search for devices without any problems, connecting works similarly

Sources

This article follows the attribution requirements of Stack Overflow and is licensed under CC BY-SA 3.0.

Source: Stack Overflow

Solution	Source
Solution 1
Solution 2
Solution 3	HAZEEM JOONUS
Solution 4	Michael Kotzjan
Solution 5

'Android 12 New Bluetooth Permissions

Solution 1:[1]

Solution 2:[2]

Solution 3:[3]

Solution 4:[4]

Solution 5:[5]