Fish shell - advanced control flow

Question

Normally, fish shell processes commands like this:

1 && 3 (2) 

This is perfectly useful and it mirrors the order of execution that I would want most of the time.

I was wondering if a different syntax exists to get a slightly different order of execution?

Sometimes I want this:

2 && 3 (1) 

is that possible without using multiple lines ?

This is a trivial example:

cd ~ && cat (pwd | psub) 

In this example I want to run pwd first then run cd and then run cat

edit: oh! This seems to work:

cat (pwd | psub && cd ~)

Answer 1

This is one of those cases where I'm going to recommend just using multiple lines [0].

It's cleaner and clearer:

set -l dir (pwd)
cd ~ && cat (printf '%s\n' $dir | psub)

This is completely ordinary and straightforward, and that's a good thing. It's also easily extensible - want to run the cd only if the pwd succeded?

set -l dir (pwd)
and cd ~ && cat (printf '%s\n' $dir | psub)

as set passes on the previous $status, so here it passes on the status of pwd.

The underlying philosophy here is that fish script isn't built for code golf. It doesn't have many shortcuts, even ones that posix shell script or especially shells like bash and zsh have. The fish way is to simply write the code.

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Your answer of

cat (pwd | psub && cd ~)

doesn't work because that way the cat is no longer only executed if the cd succeeds - command substitutions can fail. Instead the cd is now only done if the psub succeeded - notably this also happens if pwd fails.

(of course that cat (pwd | psub) is fairly meaningless and could just be pwd, I'm assuming you have some actual code you want to run like this)

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[0]: Technically this doesn't have to be multiple lines, you can write it as set -l dir (pwd); cd ~ && cat (printf '%s\n' $dir | psub). I would, however, also recommend using multiple lines