NameError: name 'player' is not defined - but it was defined, just in another function

Question

The below code gives an error, "NameError: name 'player' is not defined". I dont understand why. When I have the music just playing, without needing to be triggered by the Play button; then the Pause button works. But the moment when I put the command to start playing music within a function, the pause button stops working, and gives the error: "NameError: name 'player' is not defined"

import vlc  
import time
import pafy
from tkinter import *

url = "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yV25KhUH1BE"                                                                                   
win = Tk()
pause = 0
def func():
    global pause
    pause = -(pause-1)
    player.set_pause(pause)

def func2():
    video = pafy.new(url)                                                                                                                       
    best = video.getbestaudio()                                                                                                                 
    playurl = best.url 

    instance = vlc.Instance()
    player = instance.media_player_new()                                                                                                         
    media=instance.media_new(playurl)
    media.get_mrl()
    player.set_media(media)
    player.play()

btn = Button(win,
                    text = "Pause",
                    command =  func)
btn.pack()
btn2 = Button(win,
                    text = "play",
                    command =  func2)
btn2.pack()

win.mainloop()

The code above is just a trial, not the full project.

Answer 1

So as far as I understand, the error is coming from

def func():
    global pause
    pause = -(pause-1)
    player.set_pause(pause)

This might be because "player" isn't actually defined.

In func2, you have defined player = instance.media_player_new() so it's doesn't throw any error. In "func", you missed it.

I think that is causing an issue. Try defining "player" globally. That might help.