'PIL.UnidentifiedImageError: cannot identify image file <_io.BytesIO object
I am trying to train my model (Image classification) using Tensorflow. I keep getting an error when I try to run the following cell:
hist = model.fit(
train_generator,
epochs=100,
verbose=1,
steps_per_epoch=steps_per_epoch,
validation_data=valid_generator,
validation_steps=val_steps_per_epoch).history
Error is:
Epoch 1/100
27/31 [=========================>....] - ETA: 1s - loss: 0.7309 - acc: 0.6181
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
UnknownError Traceback (most recent call last)
<ipython-input-36-b1c104100211> in <module>
2 val_steps_per_epoch = np.ceil(valid_generator.samples/valid_generator.batch_size)
3
----> 4 hist = model.fit(
5 train_generator,
6 epochs=100,
/opt/anaconda3/lib/python3.8/site-packages/tensorflow/python/keras/engine/training.py in fit(self, x, y, batch_size, epochs, verbose, callbacks, validation_split, validation_data, shuffle, class_weight, sample_weight, initial_epoch, steps_per_epoch, validation_steps, validation_batch_size, validation_freq, max_queue_size, workers, use_multiprocessing)
1098 _r=1):
1099 callbacks.on_train_batch_begin(step)
-> 1100 tmp_logs = self.train_function(iterator)
1101 if data_handler.should_sync:
1102 context.async_wait()
/opt/anaconda3/lib/python3.8/site-packages/tensorflow/python/eager/def_function.py in __call__(self, *args, **kwds)
826 tracing_count = self.experimental_get_tracing_count()
827 with trace.Trace(self._name) as tm:
--> 828 result = self._call(*args, **kwds)
829 compiler = "xla" if self._experimental_compile else "nonXla"
830 new_tracing_count = self.experimental_get_tracing_count()
/opt/anaconda3/lib/python3.8/site-packages/tensorflow/python/eager/def_function.py in _call(self, *args, **kwds)
853 # In this case we have created variables on the first call, so we run the
854 # defunned version which is guaranteed to never create variables.
--> 855 return self._stateless_fn(*args, **kwds) # pylint: disable=not-callable
856 elif self._stateful_fn is not None:
857 # Release the lock early so that multiple threads can perform the call
/opt/anaconda3/lib/python3.8/site-packages/tensorflow/python/eager/function.py in __call__(self, *args, **kwargs)
2940 (graph_function,
2941 filtered_flat_args) = self._maybe_define_function(args, kwargs)
-> 2942 return graph_function._call_flat(
2943 filtered_flat_args, captured_inputs=graph_function.captured_inputs) # pylint: disable=protected-access
2944
/opt/anaconda3/lib/python3.8/site-packages/tensorflow/python/eager/function.py in _call_flat(self, args, captured_inputs, cancellation_manager)
1916 and executing_eagerly):
1917 # No tape is watching; skip to running the function.
-> 1918 return self._build_call_outputs(self._inference_function.call(
1919 ctx, args, cancellation_manager=cancellation_manager))
1920 forward_backward = self._select_forward_and_backward_functions(
/opt/anaconda3/lib/python3.8/site-packages/tensorflow/python/eager/function.py in call(self, ctx, args, cancellation_manager)
553 with _InterpolateFunctionError(self):
554 if cancellation_manager is None:
--> 555 outputs = execute.execute(
556 str(self.signature.name),
557 num_outputs=self._num_outputs,
/opt/anaconda3/lib/python3.8/site-packages/tensorflow/python/eager/execute.py in quick_execute(op_name, num_outputs, inputs, attrs, ctx, name)
57 try:
58 ctx.ensure_initialized()
---> 59 tensors = pywrap_tfe.TFE_Py_Execute(ctx._handle, device_name, op_name,
60 inputs, attrs, num_outputs)
61 except core._NotOkStatusException as e:
UnknownError: UnidentifiedImageError: cannot identify image file <_io.BytesIO object at 0x7fc88d55c9a0>
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/opt/anaconda3/lib/python3.8/site-packages/tensorflow/python/ops/script_ops.py", line 249, in __call__
ret = func(*args)
File "/opt/anaconda3/lib/python3.8/site-packages/tensorflow/python/autograph/impl/api.py", line 620, in wrapper
return func(*args, **kwargs)
File "/opt/anaconda3/lib/python3.8/site-packages/tensorflow/python/data/ops/dataset_ops.py", line 891, in generator_py_func
values = next(generator_state.get_iterator(iterator_id))
File "/opt/anaconda3/lib/python3.8/site-packages/tensorflow/python/keras/engine/data_adapter.py", line 807, in wrapped_generator
for data in generator_fn():
File "/opt/anaconda3/lib/python3.8/site-packages/tensorflow/python/keras/engine/data_adapter.py", line 933, in generator_fn
yield x[i]
File "/opt/anaconda3/lib/python3.8/site-packages/keras_preprocessing/image/iterator.py", line 65, in __getitem__
return self._get_batches_of_transformed_samples(index_array)
File "/opt/anaconda3/lib/python3.8/site-packages/keras_preprocessing/image/iterator.py", line 227, in _get_batches_of_transformed_samples
img = load_img(filepaths[j],
File "/opt/anaconda3/lib/python3.8/site-packages/keras_preprocessing/image/utils.py", line 114, in load_img
img = pil_image.open(io.BytesIO(f.read()))
File "/opt/anaconda3/lib/python3.8/site-packages/PIL/Image.py", line 2943, in open
raise UnidentifiedImageError(
PIL.UnidentifiedImageError: cannot identify image file <_io.BytesIO object at 0x7fc88d55c9a0>
[[{{node PyFunc}}]]
[[IteratorGetNext]] [Op:__inference_train_function_24233]
Function call stack:
train_function
I tried changing from loss='categorical_crossentropy' to loss='binary_crossentropy' but still the issue persists. I wish to train the model but the Epoch keeps getting stuck.
Edit:
The train generator function and where it is used is as follows:
IMAGE_SHAPE = (224, 224)
TRAINING_DATA_DIR = str(data_root)
datagen_kwargs = dict(rescale=1./255, validation_split=.20)
valid_datagen = tf.keras.preprocessing.image.ImageDataGenerator(**datagen_kwargs)
valid_generator = valid_datagen.flow_from_directory(
TRAINING_DATA_DIR,
subset="validation",
shuffle=True,
target_size=IMAGE_SHAPE
)
train_datagen = tf.keras.preprocessing.image.ImageDataGenerator(**datagen_kwargs)
train_generator = train_datagen.flow_from_directory(
TRAINING_DATA_DIR,
subset="training",
shuffle=True,
target_size=IMAGE_SHAPE)
for image_batch, label_batch in train_generator:
break
image_batch.shape, label_batch.shape
Output: ((32, 224, 224, 3), (32, 2))
print (train_generator.class_indices)
labels = '\n'.join(sorted(train_generator.class_indices.keys()))
with open('labels.txt', 'w') as f:
f.write(labels)
Output: {'off': 0, 'on': 1}
Solution 1:[1]
There was an issue with one of the img that was causing an issue and was pointed out by @Lescurel. To view the img you can run the following:
import PIL
from pathlib import Path
from PIL import UnidentifiedImageError
path = Path("INSERT PATH HERE").rglob("*.jpeg")
for img_p in path:
try:
img = PIL.Image.open(img_p)
except PIL.UnidentifiedImageError:
print(img_p)
You can also do the same for png or other formats. If there is an issue with your image, it will list it as soon as you run it
Solution 2:[2]
Similar to @EverydayDeveloper, but using glob to hold all image path with class.
import PIL
from PIL import UnidentifiedImageError
import glob
imgs_ = glob.glob("/home/ubuntu/imageTrain_dobby/SKJEWELLERY/classification/dataset/jewellery_dataset/train/*/*.jpg")
for img in imgs_:
try:
img = PIL.Image.open(img)
except PIL.UnidentifiedImageError:
print(img)
Solution 3:[3]
I had the same issue when accessing a training dataset on an external hard drive on a mac. The flow_from_directory function returned more files than I had placed in the folders.
Moving the whole training dataset to the local drive resolved the issue.
Solution 4:[4]
I encountered the same error when attempting to call Image.open() but I was calling this function on bytes received from a flutter client application via a multipart request.
The problem was that I didn't include the filename argument on the client side:
MultipartFile.fromBytes('image', await image.readAsBytes(),
filename: image.name)
After adding filename: image.name, Image.open was able to identify the image file.
Sources
This article follows the attribution requirements of Stack Overflow and is licensed under CC BY-SA 3.0.
Source: Stack Overflow
| Solution | Source |
|---|---|
| Solution 1 | EverydayDeveloper |
| Solution 2 | Jagesh Maharjan |
| Solution 3 | dude |
| Solution 4 | Brian Y. |