'UnhandledPromiseRejectionWarning: Error: You must `await server.start()` before calling `server.applyMiddleware()` at ApolloServer

I am trying to start my nestJs server and It keeps giving me this error:

UnhandledPromiseRejectionWarning: Error: You must await server.start() before calling server.applyMiddleware() at ApolloServer

I'm not even sure where to debug from as I am still very new at NestJs and GraphQL.

Solution 1:^[1]

This is a known bug with an open issue and a merged PR to fix it. For now, you can downgrade to apollo-server-express@^2

Solution 2:^[2]

A complete working code is:

const express = require("express");
const { ApolloServer } = require("apollo-server-express");
const http = require("http");

const app = express();

const typeDefs = `
    type Query{
        totalPosts: Int!
    }
`;
const resolvers = {
    Query: {
        totalPosts: () => 100,
    },
};
let apolloServer = null;
async function startServer() {
    apolloServer = new ApolloServer({
        typeDefs,
        resolvers,
    });
    await apolloServer.start();
    apolloServer.applyMiddleware({ app });
}
startServer();
const httpserver = http.createServer(app);

app.get("/rest", function (req, res) {
    res.json({ data: "api working" });
});

app.listen(4000, function () {
    console.log(`server running on port 4000`);
    console.log(`gql path is ${apolloServer.graphqlPath}`);
});

Solution 3:^[3]

I faced this issue when upgrading Ben Awad's Graphql-Next-Typeorm[...] stack, simply adding an await to server start fixed the warnings

const apolloServer = new ApolloServer({
    introspection: true,
    schema: await buildSchema({
      resolvers: [__dirname + '/resolvers/**/*.js'],
      validate: false
    }),
    context: ({ req, res }) => ({
      req,
      res,
      redis: redisClient
    }),
    formatError
  });


// added this line
  await apolloServer.start();

  apolloServer.applyMiddleware({
    app,
    cors: false
  });

Solution 4:^[4]

For Apollo Server Express 3.0 and above, you need to define an async function that takes in typeDefs and resolvers parameters, then assign the server to the same Apollo initialization as before as shown here

async function startApolloServer(typeDefs, resolvers){
    const server = new ApolloServer({typeDefs, resolvers})
    const app = express();
    await server.start();
    server.applyMiddleware({app, path: '/graphql'});
    
    app.listen(PORT, () => {
    console.log(`Server is listening on port ${PORT}${server.graphqlPath}`);
})
}

startApolloServer(typeDefs, resolvers);

Solution 5:^[5]

You can put everything in an async function and execute the function in your server(app,index...).js. You may also check the npm package. https://www.npmjs.com/package/apollo-server-express For example:

const express = require('express')
    , http = require('http')
    , path = require('path');
const { ApolloServer } = require('apollo-server-express');

async function startExpressApolloServer() {

    const { typeDefs } = require('./graphql/schemas/schema');
    const { resolvers } = require('./graphql/resolvers/resolver');

    const server = new ApolloServer({ typeDefs, resolvers });
    await server.start();

    const app = express();
    
    server.applyMiddleware({ app, path: '/api/graphql' });

    await new Promise(resolve => app.listen({ port: 3001 }, resolve));
    console.log(`Server ready at http://localhost:3001${server.graphqlPath}`);
    return { server, app };
}

startExpressApolloServer();

Solution 6:^[6]

downgrading is not the option (at least anymore)

here is the solution =>

https://javascriptsu.wordpress.com/2021/08/02/apollo-error-must-await-server-start/

const server = new ApolloServer({ typeDefs, resolvers });
const app = express();

server.start().then(res => {
 server.applyMiddleware({ app });
 app.listen({ port: 3000 }, () =>
   console.log("nice")
 )
})

Solution 7:^[7]

I had the same type of problem. I was using TypeScript, Express, ApolloServer. What I did-

async function a(){
  const server = new ApolloServer({ typeDefs, resolvers });
  await server.start();
  server.applyMiddleware({ app, path: '/graphql' });
}
a();

Solution 8:^[8]

One other option is to downgrade your apollo to any 2.x.x. It solved my problem

Solution 9:^[9]

This is not a bug. As per the documentation, the Apollo server needs to be instantiated in an async function. This is the recommended setup for Apollo Express:

import { ApolloServer } from 'apollo-server-express';
import { ApolloServerPluginDrainHttpServer } from 'apollo-server-core';
import express from 'express';
import http from 'http';

async function startApolloServer(typeDefs, resolvers) {
  const app = express();
  const httpServer = http.createServer(app);
  const server = new ApolloServer({
    typeDefs,
    resolvers,
    plugins: [ApolloServerPluginDrainHttpServer({ httpServer })],
  });
  await server.start();
  server.applyMiddleware({ app });
  await new Promise(resolve => httpServer.listen({ port: 4000 }, resolve));
  console.log(`? Server ready at http://localhost:4000${server.graphqlPath}`);
}

Solution 10:^[10]

In v3, if you use apollo-server-express the start function is required https://www.apollographql.com/docs/apollo-server/api/apollo-server/#start.

You can do something like this.

const app = express()
app.use(express.urlencoded({ extended: true }))
app.use(express.json())
....
export const startup = async () => {
  await server.start()
  server.applyMiddleware({ app, path: `/api/${configs.region}/graphql` })
  return app
}

// call startup in another file to get app

Solution 11:^[11]

It is not ok to start the apollo server in advance. What happens with the case when I have to explicitly use http/https. Please see the following case:

  const server = new ApolloServer({
    typeDefs: [KeycloakTypeDefs, typeDefs], // 1. Add the Keycloak Type Defs
    schemaDirectives: KeycloakSchemaDirectives, // 2. Add the
    formatError: new ApolloErrorConverter(),
    resolvers: resolvers,
    context: ({ req }) => {
      return makeContextWithDependencies(req);
    }
  });
  server.applyMiddleware({ app });

  http.createServer(app).listen(config.server.port, os.hostname());
  const options = {
    key: fs.readFileSync(config.server.ssl.keyFile, "utf8"),
    cert: fs.readFileSync(config.server.ssl.certFile, "utf8"),
    passphrase: config.server.ssl.passphrase
  };
  https
    .createServer(options, app)
    .listen(config.server.securePort, os.hostname());
  console.log(
    "Server waiting for requests on ports: " +
      config.server.port +
      "," +
      config.server.securePort
  );

Solution 12:^[12]

There are already some great answers here. But we should know why and where we should call server.start(). From apollo docs -

Always call await server.start() before calling server.applyMiddleware and starting your HTTP server. This allows you to react to Apollo Server startup failures by crashing your process instead of starting to serve traffic.

Solution 13:^[13]

We must wait for the server to get ready before adding middleware to it.

    const app = express();
    const apolloServer = new ApolloServer({
        schema: await buildSchema({
            resolvers: [HelloResolver],
            validate: false,
        }),
    });
    
    await apolloServer.start(); // First start the server then apply middleware on it

    apolloServer.applyMiddleware({ app });

Solution 14:^[14]

you can do like that, it works for me.

const server = new ApolloServer({ schema });
const startApollo = async () => {
  try {
    await server.start();
    server.applyMiddleware({ app, path: "/api"})
  } catch (error) {
    console.log(error);
  }
}

Solution 15:^[15]

This is my working server:

import express from 'express';
import { ApolloServer } from 'apollo-server-express';
import typeDefs from './schema';

const app = express();

const server = new ApolloServer({
  typeDefs,
  mocks: true
});

server.start().then(() => {
  server.applyMiddleware({
    app,
    cors: true,
  });
});

const PORT = 4000;

app.listen(PORT, () => {
  console.log(
    `GraphQL endpoint and playground accessible at http://localhost:${PORT}${server.graphqlPath}`,
  );
});

The key thing here is to wrap the "applyMiddleware" function call inside the "server.start" async function.

Sources

This article follows the attribution requirements of Stack Overflow and is licensed under CC BY-SA 3.0.

Source: Stack Overflow

Solution	Source
Solution 1	Jay McDoniel
Solution 2	user1388835
Solution 3	eliastouil
Solution 4	pnokn
Solution 5	Oguz
Solution 6	luka
Solution 7	Mahedi Kamal
Solution 8	Hakim Marley
Solution 9	Oamar Kanji
Solution 10	Tony Nguyen
Solution 11	Ciprian Pascu
Solution 12	Dharman
Solution 13	Sumit Bopche
Solution 14	Yahya Unlu
Solution 15	David Gabrielyan

'UnhandledPromiseRejectionWarning: Error: You must `await server.start()` before calling `server.applyMiddleware()` at ApolloServer

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