'Duplicate class android.support.v4.app.INotificationSideChannel found in modules classes?

I am developing a news app but I am getting following errors in from gradle console

(androidx.core:core:1.0.1) and classes.jar (com.android.support:support-compat:28.0.0)
Duplicate class android.support.v4.app.INotificationSideChannel$Stub found in modules classes.jar (androidx.core:core:1.0.1) and classes.jar (com.android.support:support-compat:28.0.0)
Duplicate class android.support.v4.app.INotificationSideChannel$Stub$Proxy found in modules classes.jar (androidx.core:core:1.0.1) and classes.jar (com.android.support:support-compat:28.0.0)
Duplicate class android.support.v4.graphics.drawable.IconCompatParcelizer found in modules classes.jar (androidx.core:core:1.0.1) and classes.jar (com.android.support:support-compat:28.0.0)
Duplicate class android.support.v4.os.IResultReceiver found in modules classes.jar (androidx.core:core:1.0.1) and classes.jar (com.android.support:support-compat:28.0.0)
Duplicate class android.support.v4.os.IResultReceiver$Stub found in modules classes.jar (androidx.core:core:1.0.1) and classes.jar (com.android.support:support-compat:28.0.0)
Duplicate class android.support.v4.os.IResultReceiver$Stub$Proxy found in modules classes.jar (androidx.core:core:1.0.1) and classes.jar (com.android.support:support-compat:28.0.0)
Duplicate class android.support.v4.os.ResultReceiver found in modules classes.jar (androidx.core:core:1.0.1) and classes.jar (com.android.support:support-compat:28.0.0)
Duplicate class android.support.v4.os.ResultReceiver$1 found in modules classes.jar (androidx.core:core:1.0.1) and classes.jar (com.android.support:support-compat:28.0.0)
Duplicate class android.support.v4.os.ResultReceiver$MyResultReceiver found in modules classes.jar (androidx.core:core:1.0.1) and classes.jar (com.android.support:support-compat:28.0.0)
Duplicate class android.support.v4.os.ResultReceiver$MyRunnable found in modules classes.jar (androidx.core:core:1.0.1) and classes.jar (com.android.support:support-compat:28.0.0)
Duplicate class androidx.core.graphics.drawable.IconCompatParcelizer found in modules classes.jar (androidx.core:core:1.0.1) and classes.jar (com.android.support:support-compat:28.0.0)
Duplicate class androidx.core.internal.package-info found in modules classes.jar (androidx.core:core:1.0.1) and classes.jar (com.android.support:support-compat:28.0.0)
Duplicate class androidx.versionedparcelable.CustomVersionedParcelable found in modules classes.jar (androidx.versionedparcelable:versionedparcelable:1.0.0) and classes.jar (com.android.support:versionedparcelable:28.0.0)
Duplicate class androidx.versionedparcelable.NonParcelField found in modules classes.jar (androidx.versionedparcelable:versionedparcelable:1.0.0) and classes.jar (com.android.support:versionedparcelable:28.0.0)
Duplicate class androidx.versionedparcelable.ParcelField found in modules classes.jar (androidx.versionedparcelable:versionedparcelable:1.0.0) and classes.jar (com.android.support:versionedparcelable:28.0.0)
Duplicate class androidx.versionedparcelable.ParcelImpl found in modules classes.jar (androidx.versionedparcelable:versionedparcelable:1.0.0) and classes.jar (com.android.support:versionedparcelable:28.0.0)
Duplicate class androidx.versionedparcelable.ParcelImpl$1 found in modules classes.jar (androidx.versionedparcelable:versionedparcelable:1.0.0) and classes.jar (com.android.support:versionedparcelable:28.0.0)
Duplicate class androidx.versionedparcelable.ParcelUtils found in modules classes.jar (androidx.versionedparcelable:versionedparcelable:1.0.0) and classes.jar (com.android.support:versionedparcelable:28.0.0)
Duplicate class androidx.versionedparcelable.VersionedParcel found in modules classes.jar (androidx.versionedparcelable:versionedparcelable:1.0.0) and classes.jar (com.android.support:versionedparcelable:28.0.0)
Duplicate class androidx.versionedparcelable.VersionedParcel$1 found in modules classes.jar (androidx.versionedparcelable:versionedparcelable:1.0.0) and classes.jar (com.android.support:versionedparcelable:28.0.0)
Duplicate class androidx.versionedparcelable.VersionedParcel$ParcelException found in modules classes.jar (androidx.versionedparcelable:versionedparcelable:1.0.0) and classes.jar (com.android.support:versionedparcelable:28.0.0)
Duplicate class androidx.versionedparcelable.VersionedParcelParcel found in modules classes.jar (androidx.versionedparcelable:versionedparcelable:1.0.0) and classes.jar (com.android.support:versionedparcelable:28.0.0)
Duplicate class androidx.versionedparcelable.VersionedParcelStream found in modules classes.jar (androidx.versionedparcelable:versionedparcelable:1.0.0) and classes.jar (com.android.support:versionedparcelable:28.0.0)
Duplicate class androidx.versionedparcelable.VersionedParcelStream$FieldBuffer found in modules classes.jar (androidx.versionedparcelable:versionedparcelable:1.0.0) and classes.jar (com.android.support:versionedparcelable:28.0.0)
Duplicate class androidx.versionedparcelable.VersionedParcelStream$InputBuffer found in modules classes.jar (androidx.versionedparcelable:versionedparcelable:1.0.0) and classes.jar (com.android.support:versionedparcelable:28.0.0)
Duplicate class androidx.versionedparcelable.VersionedParcelable found in modules classes.jar (androidx.versionedparcelable:versionedparcelable:1.0.0) and classes.jar (com.android.support:versionedparcelable:28.0.0)
Duplicate class androidx.versionedparcelable.VersionedParcelize found in modules class

below my app.gradle

apply plugin: 'com.android.application'

android {
    compileSdkVersion 28
    defaultConfig {
        applicationId "com.example.myapplication"
        minSdkVersion 15
        targetSdkVersion 28
        versionCode 1
        versionName "1.0"
        testInstrumentationRunner "android.support.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner"
    }
    buildTypes {
        release {
            minifyEnabled false
            proguardFiles getDefaultProguardFile('proguard-android-optimize.txt'), 'proguard-rules.pro'
        }
    }
}

dependencies {
    implementation fileTree(dir: 'libs', include: ['*.jar'])
    implementation 'com.android.support:appcompat-v7:28.0.0'
    implementation 'com.android.support.constraint:constraint-layout:1.1.3'
    testImplementation 'junit:junit:4.12'
    androidTestImplementation 'com.android.support.test:runner:1.0.2'
    implementation 'com.github.bassaer:chatmessageview:2.0.1'
    implementation 'com.google.code.gson:gson:2.8.5'
    androidTestImplementation 'com.android.support.test.espresso:espresso-core:3.0.2'
}

Solution 1:^[1]

You can add below 2 lines into your gradle.properties file:

android.useAndroidX=true
android.enableJetifier=true

Note to check, to not repeat any line that already exists (and ensure existing are true).

Details:

If you want to use androidx-namespaced libraries in a new project, you need to set the compile SDK to Android 9.0 (API level 28) or higher and set both of the mentioned Android Gradle plugin flags to true.

android.useAndroidX: When this flag is set to true, the Android plugin uses the appropriate AndroidX library instead of a Support Library. The flag is false by default if it is not specified.

android.enableJetifier: When this flag is set to true, the Android plugin automatically migrates existing third-party libraries to use AndroidX dependencies by rewriting their binaries. The flag is false by default if it is not specified.

Solution 2:^[2]

Adding these lines to gradle.properties file solves "Duplicate Class" errors:

android.useAndroidX=true

android.enableJetifier=true

However, this generated new errors in my project:

"package android.support.annotation does not exist"

"cannot find symbol class Fragment"

"package android.support.v4.content does not exist"

"Program type already present"

etc.

However, the refactoring worked for me:

Migrate your project to AndroidX by selecting Refactor > 
"Migrate to AndroidX" from the menu bar.

Select Build > Clean project

Restore Android Studio

Now, my project (Match4app) works with AndroidX and I was able to publish it in the PlayStore without any issues.

Comment: This task also allowed me to upgrade all other libraries that depend on AndroidX (i.e. com.firebaseui:firebase-ui-auth:6.0.2, com.google.android.gms:play-services-games:18.0.1, com.google.android.gms:play-services-auth:17.0.0, com.google.android.gms:play-services-ads:18.2.0, etc.).

Solution 3:^[3]

I run into something like this, and below is based on my other answer:

Your project (or one of its sub-projects) is referring to a dependency using the + plus-sign at its end, like com.google.firebase:firebase-auth:+, which means, use any higher version when possible, and that newer version is no longer using android.support libraries and instead is using androidx; to fix this issue follow the below steps.

Steps:

Ensure the ANDROID_HOME environment-variable is set, and then, open a console window (like git-bash, because it keeps the whole command output), and cd into your project's android directory (for Ionic projects it should be platforms/android).
First, List all dependencies by running below (in git-bash):
```
./gradlew :app:dependencies
```
Copy the result into your preferred text-editor, and search for androidx.
If you found something follow below steps, else you are done! (and you do not need to repeat these steps).
Scroll up until you see -> at the end of any line, like for example 16.0.8 -> 19.0.0 or + -> 19.0.0, which both mean that the version was auto-resolved (to something higher than specified by you because of +).
So, set the version down manually:
- When possible, in your project (or sub-project) find and replace the + sign with a specific version.
- Or, force a specific version of the dependencies like mentioned below (after copying dependency id, which you found in previous-step, of course).
At last, repeat above steps (but instead of step one just clear the console).

To Force specific version of the dependencies add to your root build.gradle file something like below (which is what worked for me) but of course edit below and add your own rules (because these might not work for your case):

allprojects {
  // ...
  configurations.all {
    resolutionStrategy {
      force 'com.google.firebase:firebase-common:17.0.0'
      force 'com.google.android.gms:play-services-basement:16.2.0'
      force 'com.google.firebase:firebase-iid:16.0.0'
      force 'com.google.firebase:firebase-auth:17.0.0'
    }
  }
}

Solution 4:^[4]

I was having this same issue and this is how i resolved it

Expand Graddle Scripts and then Go to graddle.properties and add these 2 lines

Note: Maybe the first line android.useAndroidX=true is already there so do not repeat it.

android.useAndroidX=true android.enableJetifier=true

Solution 5:^[5]

Taken from here. AndroidX is the open-source project that the Android team uses to develop, test, package, version and release libraries within Jetpack.

Solution 6:^[6]

Like @Ahmed says, the solution is to implement AndroidX, it works for me. However, it isn´t an easy way and it requires a bit of pacience... These are the steps that I did:

First, is very important that you do all this changes in a different branch or you make a backup of your project.
You need to have the Android Gradle Plugin Version 3.5.1. So, in build.gradle set: dependencies { classpath 'com.android.tools.build:gradle:3.5.1' ...
Migrate to AndroidX using Android Studio Tool : Refactor --> Migrate to AndroidX...
When it finishes, it has done all pertinents modification, but posibly you can´t deploy the project correctly because you find any errors. These are the problems that I found and the solutions:
If you use Kotlin, in build.gradle set: buildscript { ext.kotlin_version = '1.3.10' ... and compile "org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-stdlib-jdk8:$kotlin_version"
If you use destination method, add "file" parameter: destination file("$reportsDir/checkstyle/checkstyle.xml")
If you use Butterknife, use 10.0.0 version

Solution 7:^[7]

Just add these 2 lines in gradle.properties file,

android.useAndroidX=true

android.enableJetifier=true

Now your project will not have any duplicate class error and will work fine,

Thank you

Solution 8:^[8]

Just set your Gradle properties this way

Solution 9:^[9]

Top-Master's answer only work if you can downgrade to a specific version. In my case, I have a React Native app and one of the libraries I was using had migrated to AndroidX. The previous version had issues with iOS, so I had to use the most recent version. What I had to do was:

Migrate the Android project to AndroidX (Refactor > Migrate to AndroidX).
Use jetify to convert node_module dependencies to AndroidX. For React Native 0.60 and above, jetify is run automatically, so you don't have to install this library.

Solution 10:^[10]

I faced the same problem. I solve it by adding the below lines into gradle.properties file:

Gradle script> gradle.properties

android.useAndroidX=true  
android.enableJetifier=true

Solution 11:^[11]

Modify the module-level build.gradle file to enable multidex and add the multidex library as a dependency

android {
    defaultConfig {
        ...
        minSdkVersion 15 
        targetSdkVersion 28
        multiDexEnabled true
    }
    ...
}

dependencies {
    implementation "androidx.multidex:multidex:2.0.1"
}

Sources

This article follows the attribution requirements of Stack Overflow and is licensed under CC BY-SA 3.0.

Source: Stack Overflow

Solution	Source
Solution 1	Top-Master
Solution 2
Solution 3
Solution 4	Ali Muhammad Khowaja
Solution 5	Ahmed
Solution 6	fvaldivia
Solution 7	Shridhar Chouksey
Solution 8	ilidiocn
Solution 9	ataravati
Solution 10	Tawhid Monowar
Solution 11	Dev Dox

'Duplicate class android.support.v4.app.INotificationSideChannel found in modules classes?

Solution 1:[1]

Details:

Solution 2:[2]

Solution 3:[3]

Steps:

Solution 4:[4]

Solution 5:[5]

Solution 6:[6]

Solution 7:[7]

Solution 8:[8]

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